1Nutrition student at Paulista University UNIP, Campinas, São Paulo/SP, Brazil; Adress: Serra da Fartura, nº 51, Jardim São Fernando, Campinas-SP. CEP: 13100-360
2Nutritionist, Professor of the Nutrition course at Paulista University UNIP, Campinas, São Paulo/SP, Brazil; Adress: Av. Comendador Enzo Ferrari, 280 – Swift, Campinas – SP, 13045-770
3Nurse, Doctor, Professor of the Nursing and Medicine Course at Paulista University UNIP, Campinas, São Paulo/SP, Brazil; Address: Av. Comendador Enzo Ferrari, 280 – Swift, Campinas – SP, 13045-770
4Biologist, Phd, Professor of the Nutrition and Medicine Course of the Paulista University UNIP Campinas, São Paulo/SP, Brazil; Address: Av. Comendador Enzo Ferrari, 280 – Swift, Campinas – SP, 13045-770
*Corresponding author: Luciana Pietro, Av. Comendador Enzo Ferrari, 280 – Swift, Campinas – SP, 13045-770; Phone number: 55 (19) 99684-3274; E-mail: lucianapietro1@gmail.com
Citation: da Silva JCL, Daniel NVS, Rossignolo S, Pietro L (2023) The Role of Omega-3 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. American J Medi Re Heal Sci: AJMRHS-101.
Abstract
Introduction: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is part of the group of neuronal motor diseases, characterized as neurodegenerative by the progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons, leading to muscle atrophy, fasciculation and weakness, and consequent death from respiratory failure. Its etiology is not well understood, and several factors are taken into account, such as the causes of the disease, with impairment of the individual’s nutritional status, dysphagia, loss of appetite, and hypermetabolism, causing an increased need for therapy and an even more complex nutritional intake Omega 3, is a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, which has protective and beneficial effects in relation to neurodegenerative diseases, being considered an important anti-inflammatory agent by acting as an antioxidant in the fight against oxidative stress of neuronal cells, through mechanisms such as excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, and activation of anti-apoptotic pathways that are relevant processes in the pathophysiology of ALS.
Objectives: To systematically review the role of Omega 3 supplementation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
Methodology: A systematic review was carried out in the scientific bases: Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Lilacs, Scielo and Medline, in English, Portuguese, addressing the themes: neurodegenerative diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and omega 3.
Results: All studies were carried out in humans, before the usual dose of omega 3 in the diet, observing how the polyunsaturated fatty acid acts in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Of the total number of studies found, 5 demonstrated the efficiency of omega 3 in the neuroprotective effect, 2 did not observe efficiency and 1 was not conclusive.
Conclusion: It is concluded with the systematic review, that omega 3 contributes in a dietary way, easing the symptoms and/or the progression of the disease. However, more clinical studies directly aimed at this intervention must be performed to support the results found.
Keywords: omega 3, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases.
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